Stone

Stones are a hard material found in nature, composed by organic products that have many years in the ground. There are few kinds of stones like precious stones, rocks, and the stones that came after volcanics explosions. Are difficult to quarry and transportate, are very heavy, prime material for manufact sculpture. Stones are the prime material for the concret elaboration. In the past, stones were also used to build and construct castles, walls, arches, monoliths and other simbolyc places.



 ................ ... . STONES .. ..................

Stones are use for constructions since ancestral times. Its a material that brings lot of advantages but also some disadvantages once the architects decide to use it as the prime material in the structure of the building. Its important to know that stones dosent work in tension but in compresion, ** making it weak and limit its use for beams, lintels and floor support **. The durability of stone is big, thats why nowadays we can visit cathedrals, castles, churches and monumental buildings from the past and some of them take advantage of the material to make some sculpture in the facade or in the interior of the building. ** But stones are not only use for monumental structures, it is also use for modest structure in its natural state. ** Since stones are found in nature its very expensive, also very heavy making the job more difficult to quarry and transportate. There are two different stonework, the rubble stone and the ashlar mansory, ** usually used for the construction of monumental architecture **. The first one are roughly broken stones in irregular fragments ** bounded in mortar **. The second one are cut by blocks in a regular size or type to make entablatures for example, ** these entablatures and its weight creates problems of stability and the push of the loads, therefore it requires more support and butressing. As we can see in Greeks temples and Egypcian temples wich stones are use also to create slabs and roofing, the structure of the building requieres lots of columns or monoliths supports. ** This material is also usefull for bonding materials, ** as mortar to create stone walls, ** to tie them and fasten things together.

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